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Diagnosis Of Foreign Body In The Air Or Food PassagesCategory: FOREIGN BODIES IN THE AIR AND FOOD PASSAGES Source: A Manual Of Peroral Endoscopy And Laryngeal Surgery The questions arising are: I. Is a foreign body present? 2. Where is it located? 3. Is a peroral endoscopic procedure indicated? 4. Are there any contraindications to endoscopy? In order to answer these questions the definite routine given below is followed unvaryingly in the Bronchoscopic Clinic. 1. History. 2. Complete physical examination, including mirror laryngoscopy. 3. Roentgenologic study. 4. Endoscopy. The history should note the date of, and should delve into the details of the accident; special note being made of the occurrence of laryngeal spasm, wheezing respiration heard by the patient or others (asthmatoid wheeze), fever, cough, pain, dyspnea, dysphagia, odynphagia, regurgitation, etc. The amount, character and odor of sputum are important. Increasing amounts of purulent, foul-odored, sometimes blood-tinged sputum strongly suggest prolonged bronchial foreign body sojourn. The mode of onset of the persisting symptoms, whether immediately following the supposed accident or delayed in their occurrence, is to be noted. Do attacks of sudden dyspnea and cyanosis occur? What has been the previous treatment and what attempts at removal have been made? The nature of the foreign body is to be determined, and if possible a duplicate thereof obtained. General physical examination should be complete including inspection of the eyes, ears, nose, pharynx, and mirror inspection of the naso-pharynx and larynx. Special attention is paid to the chest for the localization of the object. In order to discover conditions rendering endoscopy unusually hazardous, all parts of the body are to be examined. Aneurysm of the aorta, excessive blood pressure, serious cardiac and renal conditions, the presence of a hernia and the existence of central nervous disease, as tabes dorsalis, should be at least known before attempting any endoscopic procedure. Dysphagia might result from the pressure of an unknown aneurysm, the symptoms being attributed to a foreign body, and aortic aneurysm is a definite contraindication to esophagoscopy unless there be foreign body present also. There is no absolute contraindication to the endoscopic removal of a foreign body, though many conditions may render it wise to post-pone endoscopy. Laryngeal crises of tabes might, because of their sudden onset, be thought due to foreign body. Next: Physical Signs In Esophageal Foreign Body Previous: Symptoms Of Gastric Foreign Body
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