DEVELOPMENT AT DIFFERENT MONTHS
Categories: Obstetrics or MidwiferyFirst month. There are indications of the eyes, mouth and anus. The
extremities are rudimentary. The heart is 4/10 of an inch long.
Second month. It is now about one inch long. The eyes, nose and ears can
be distinguished. External genitals. There are suggestions of the hands
and feet.
Third month. The ovum is now the size of a goose-egg. Fingers and toes
separate, nails
the body. The sex can now be told. Length is five inches. Weight about 460
grains.
Fourth month. Six inches long and now weighs 850 grains. Short hairs are
present. Head equal to about one-fourth entire body. May perceive
quickening.
Fifth month. Ten inches long; weighs eight ounces. Eyelids begin to
separate. Heart sounds can be heard. Quickening takes place.
Sixth month. Twelve inches long; weighs 23-1/2 ounces. There is hair on
the head, eyebrows and eyelashes are present. Testicles show near the
abdominal rings (openings).
Seventh month. Fifteen inches long; weight 41-1/2 ounces. Pupillary
membrane disappears.
Eighth month. Sixteen inches long; weight 3-1/2 pounds. Left testicle has
descended into the scrotum. Nails protrude to end of finger tips.
Ninth month. Eighteen inches long; weighs 4-1/2 to 7 pounds. Features are
complete.
While this growth goes on in the embryo the womb itself shows changes. The
virgin womb averages 2-3/4 inches in length, 1-3/4 inches in width and 1
inch in thickness and weighs about 12 drams. At term (confinement) the
womb is about 14 inches long, 10 inches wide, and 9-1/2 inches thick. This
increase in size is necessary for its growing contents and is due to both
an enlargement of its tissues (hypertrophy) and to an increase in the
number of its cells (hyperplasia). The muscular fibres are elongated to
about 11 inches, and they are five times thicker than they are in a womb
that is not pregnant. The cervix or neck of the womb participates but
little in these changes, and remains practically the same until a few
weeks before confinement. It becomes softened as the result of congestion,
and the glands are more active, secreting a thick glairy mucus. The canal
also is more or less dilated.
While this process is going on in the womb, various other conditions show
themselves, sometimes in the parts of the body so distant that it may not
be easy to discover the connection with the womb. Almost any part of the
body is liable to show changes from its normal condition; and yet some of
these changes are so constant and regular as to be regarded as signs of
pregnancy. It must not be forgotten, however, that sure signs of
pregnancy, such as cannot be induced by other causes, are very limited,
especially in the early months.
Changes occur in the genital organs that may lead a physician to suspect
that pregnancy may exist; but the first symptom that attracts the
attention of the woman, is the passing of the monthly period. This is not
an absolute sign of pregnancy, since other things or conditions may cause
it. The effect of the mind upon the body may cause it, and it also occurs
sometimes in early married life without any appreciable cause, unless it
may be then due to the effect upon the nervous system of the marital
relation. Again, the monthly sickness sometimes continues in a greater or
less degree, during a part or even the whole of pregnancy. Usually this
discharge is due to some diseased condition of the cervix. The fear of
impregnation in unmarried women after illicit intercourse will
occasionally suspend menstruation for one or two months.
More
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Cretonne
Heavy unglazed cotton, linen, or rayon fabric, colorfully printed and used for draperies and slipcovers. ... Criminal abortion
The chief danger from the criminal interruption of pregnancy is sepsis (absorption of poisons) into the system. This may be acute in character and have a fatal termination, or chronic in nature, leading to permanent injury of the womb and fallopian tube... CROOKED FEET. Talipes
There are many varieties. The treatment should be begun, under the instructions of a physician, and continued from infancy and many a good foot can be obtained. KNOCK KNEE. (Genu Valgum). This is due to an overgrowth of the internal knuckle (cond... Croton Oil
Brownish-yellow, foul-smelling oil from the seeds of a tropical Asian shrub or small tree (Croton tiglium); formerly used as a drastic purgative and counterirritant. Its use was discontinued because of its toxicity. croup Condition of th... CROUP
Child wakes up suddenly, perhaps at midnight, with a harsh barking cough, with difficulty of breathing, and it looks as if it could not get another breath. Then there is an easy spell and soon the spasm recurs. ... CROUP
Aconite 2X dil. Put ten drops in a glass half full of water, and give two teaspoonfuls every fifteen minutes in alteration with Spongia 3X trit. (tablet form) one at a dose. If there is no fever the Spongia can be used alone. Cough is hard, rasping, bar... CROUP
Powdered Alum 2 drams Honey Strained 1/2 ounce Syrup Simple 1 ounce Mucilage Acacia to make 2 ounces Mix. Dose: Take one teaspoonful as required. The above amount would cost about 30 cents. ... Croup, Quick Cure for
"A quantity of raw linseed oil should always be at hand in a family where the children are subject to croup. It is an unfailing remedy, and for quick results it beats anything else which can be given for that dread disease. Half a teaspoonful is a dose,... Croup, Salt Water for
"A handful of salt in a basin of cold water. Wring towel out of this solution and apply over the throat. Cover with warm flannel, keep patient warm." This simple but effective remedy has been known to give relief many times and has been thoroughly tried... CROUP, Spasmodic
This disease gives the parents a terrible shock if they have never seen any attacks of the kind. The symptoms which attend the attack are out of all proportion to the real danger. It is generally the result of exposure to cold or to the cold wind. Irrit... Culver's Root
Perennial herb (Veronicastrum virginicum) native to eastern North America; the root was formerly used as a cathartic and an emetic. ... Cupping
Therapeutic procedure, no longer in use; an evacuated glass cup is applied to the skin to draw blood to the surface. ... Cuprum
Copper. ... Curacao
Flavored with sour orange peel. Popular island resort in the Netherlands Antilles. ... CUTICURA OINTMENT
The much advertised "Cuticura Ointment" has been found to consist .of a base of petroleum jelly, colored green, perfumed with oil of bergamot and containing two per cent of carbolic acid. Four ounces would cost about 25 cents. ... CUTICURA RESOLVENT
This preparation is said to be: Aloes, Socot 1 dram Rhubarb Powdered 1 dram Potas. Iodidi 36 grains Spirits Frumenti 1 pint Macerate over night and filter. The above amount exclusive of whisky w... CUTS. WOUNDS
They are named cut (incised); contused, such as made by a blunt instrument. Lacerated or torn, when the tissues are torn or ragged. Punctured, stab-wounds, when made by a pointed instrument. Treatment. There may be pain, gaping (opening) of the e... Cystitis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder. ... CYSTITIS (Inflammation of the Bladder)
Acute and chronic. Aconite 2X dil. One drop everyone to two hours first twenty-four hours. Cantharis 3X dil. For painful urination, and small amount; one to two drops every two hours. ... CYSTOCELE
Cystocele is simply a tumor formed by the bladder pressing into the walls of the vagina. The bladder descends into the pelvis on account of relaxation or destruction of its normal support. The anterior wall of the vagina yields. Causes. Tear of the p... CYSTS OF THE VULVA
A cyst is a cavity containing fluid and surrounded by a covering (capsule). The duct (canal) of the gland of Bartholin, situated in the labia majora, sometimes closes and the secretions of the gland are not cast out, thus forming the cyst. Cause. The... Damask
Rich patterned fabric of cotton, linen, silk, or wool. Fine, twilled table linen. ... DANDRUFF
Dandruff is the scaling off of dead cuticle. In excess, it becomes a disease, forming so thick a scale as to kill the roots of the hair and cause it to fall out. It is rightly called "itch dirt." Cleanliness therefore helps a cure. An old-fashioned r... DANDRUFF (Seborrhoea)
The scurfs or scales (dandruff) upon the scalp are formed from seborrhoea. Definition. The word seborrboea means to flow suet or fatty fluids. Seborrhoea is a functional disorder of the sebaceous gland (fatty, suet matter) and this secretion is somew... Deadly Night-shade (bittersweet, Bittersweet Nightshade, Climbing
... DEADLY NIGHT-SHADE. Symptoms
Flushed face, red eyes, throbbing head, pulse fast, dizzy, staggering, hot and dry throat, dilated pupils, scarlet rash on the skin. Patient may be delirious and wildly so. Antidotes. Tannic acid, twenty drops in glass of water. Emetics to produce... DEAFNESS
This is usually the result of a disease and is merely a symptom. Diseases of the middle ear, rupture of the drum membrane, and large ulceration of this membrane cause it. Ear wax causes temporary deafness. Diseases of the throat and nose cause it very o... Decollete
Cut low at the neckline. Wearing a garment that is low-cut or strapless. ... Defective Worm-like Bowel Movement
Irregular habits of living head the list causing this defective action. Everyone should promptly attend to Nature's call. Some people wait until the desire for stool has all gone, and in that way the "habit" of the bowels is gradually lost. Everyone sh... Deficiency of the Secretions
Many of the causes that hinder worm-like motion are also likely to lessen the normal secretions of the bowel. Some kinds of liver diseases tend to lessen the secretions of the bowel, because the amount of bile emptied into the bowel is lessened. Sometim... DELAYED MENSTRUATION
This is often caused by slow development of the generative organs. The girl may not come around until seventeenth to nineteenth year. Causes. It may be due to heredity. Lack of proper nourishment and proper exercise are the most important causative f... DELIRIUM TREMENS
This is a brain manifestation of chronic alcoholism occurring in steady drinkers after excessive drinking or sudden withdrawal of alcohol, or after sudden excitement or accident, pneumonia or other illness, or lack of food. Symptoms. There are restle... DEMENTIA
This term literally means "from mind," out of mind, and such a person is in a state of the most deplorable mental poverty. We all have seen such cases and some cases are not only very sad but disgusting. PRIMARY DEMENTIA comes on independently of ... Demi-monde
Class of women kept by wealthy lovers or protectors; prostitutes; group whose respectability is dubious or whose success is marginal. ... Demulcent
Soothing, usually mucilaginous or oily substance, such as glycerin or lanolin, used to relieve pain of irritated mucous membranes. ... DENGUE. Break-bone Fever, Dandy Fever
This is an acute infectious disease characterized by pains in the joints and muscles, fever, an initial reddish swollen eruption and a terminal eruption of variable type. It occurs in the tropical regions and the warmer portions of the temperate zone. ... DEVELOPMENT AT DIFFERENT MONTHS
First month. There are indications of the eyes, mouth and anus. The extremities are rudimentary. The heart is 4/10 of an inch long. Second month. It is now about one inch long. The eyes, nose and ears can be distinguished. External genitals. There... DEVIATION OF THE SEPTUM (Partition)
Deviation is the bending or curving of the partition (septum) to one side or the other, leaving one nostril very large and roomy and closing the other nostril wholly or partly. Causes. Blows, falls, etc., high-arch palate. It is seldom seen under seven... DIABETES
The onset is gradual, glucose (sugar) is persistently in the urine. Great quantity of urine passed; six to forty pints in twenty-four hours. Thirst is great. Large quantities of water is taken. Loss of strength and weight, mouth is dry, tongue is red an... DIABETES INSIPIDUS
A chronic affection characterized by the passage of large quantities of normal urine of low specific gravity. Causes. It is most often found in young males and is probably of nervous origin. It may follow excitement or brain injury. Symptoms. The o... DIABETES MELLITUS
A disorder of nutrition in which sugar accumulates in the blood and is excreted in the urine, the daily amount of which is greatly increased. Causes. Hereditary influences play an important role and cases are on record of its occurrence in many membe... DIABETES MELLITUS
Phosphoric acid 3X dil. Two drops four times a day. Uranium nitrate 3X trit. (tablet form). One tablet three times a day. ... Diagnosis
In twin pregnancy the symptoms and disorders of pregnancy are apt to be exaggerated, and watery swelling above the pubic bone is almost always present in the latter months. The abdomen is larger and broader and there may be a depression dividing the abd... DIARRHEA
Causes. (a) Improper or excessive food, including green or over-ripe fruit. (b) Poison substances; such as decomposed milk or meat either fresh or canned: or caused by arsenic, mercury or colchicum. (d) Exposure to cold, wet or draughts. (c) S... Diathesis
Hereditary predisposition to disease, allergy, or other disorder. ... Diet
This should consist at first of liquid, unstimulating food, given in small quantities and frequently. If the baby does not nurse, the liquids should be restricted. Some women on the first day can take milk, milk toast, or if desired, dry or buttered toa... DIET IN DIARRHEA
From the Head Nurse of a Large Hospital. May Take-- Soups. Milk soup well boiled, clam juice, beef tea. Meats. Scraped fresh beef or mutton well broiled, sweetbread, beef juice from freshly broiled steak (all sparingly). Eggs. Lightly boiled o... Diet in Infectious Diseases
Foods that can be used: Milk, milk-water, milk and lime-water, Mellin's food, malted milk, imperial granum, albumin water, rice water, oatmeal water, barley water, egg (white part), and barley water, arrowroot water, whey, whey and cream mixture, cream ... Diet in Laryngitis
Hard and dry toasts should be avoided, for they give pain on being swallowed, same reason applies to highly seasoned foods. Milk, custards, eggs, scraped beef may be taken. Difficulty in swallowing may be overcome by allowing the patient to lie flat on ... Difficult Breathing
This usually comes late in pregnancy and is due to the pressure of the womb upon the diaphragm; the patient should avoid excitement and sleep with the shoulders well elevated. In the ninth month the womb drops lower and the breathing is better. ... Digitalis
Plant of the genus Digitalis, including foxgloves. Drug prepared from the seeds and dried leaves used as a cardiac stimulant. ... Dilatory
Delay or postpone. ... DIPHTHERIA
This disease begins gradually, as a rule, with chilly feelings, pain in the back and limbs, pulse is faster, with a general redness of the throat before the formation of the membrane; with such symptoms there are great weakness, paleness, and a bad smel... DIPHTHERIA
Diphtheria is an acute disease and always infectious. There is a peculiar membrane which forms on the tonsils, uvula, soft palate and throat and sometimes in the larynx and nose. It may form in other places such as in the vagina, bowels, on wounds or so... DIPHTHERIA
Antitoxin is the best remedy. Belladonna 3X dil. Ten to fifteen drops in one-half glass of water and give two teaspoonfuls every one to two hours when there is fever, marked inflammation of the tonsils, no spots as yet, red face and throbbing arterie... Diphtheria,
"One-fourth pound loaf sugar, one-fourth pound gum kino, one-fourth ounce alum; put in a covered porcelain dish on stove in a quart of soft water. Simmer down to one pint, gargle the throat every fifteen minutes, or for small children use a swab. Band... Discomfit
Make uneasy or perplexed; disconcert; embarrass; thwart the plans of; frustrate. ... DISEASE OF THE MIDDLE EAR
The ordinary cold in the head rarely runs its course without one of the eustachian tubes at least is involved to some extent. ... DISEASE OF THE RESPIRATORY ORGANS
Coryza, cold in the head. Aconite 2X dil. Prepare as usual. Use first twenty-four hours. Arsenicum 3X trit. (tablet form). One tablet every hour for burning watery discharge from the nose; nose stopped up, discharge makes nose sore. Mercurius 3X ... DISEASES OF THE EYE AND EAR
The first thing we notice in looking at the eye may be the lids and at each edge are the eyelashes. When this edge becomes inflamed it is called Blenharitis Marginalis or inflammation of the margin of the eyelids. It is called thus from the name of ... DISEASES OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBES
These are named after their discoverer, Fallopian, an Italian anatomist. These tubes begin at the part of the body of the womb that extends out like a horn. This is on the sides near the top of the body of the womb. They are two in number and extend out... DISEASES OF THE GUMS
Hepar sulph. 3X trit. (tablet form) is good when teeth are ulcerated and decayed. Take one to two tablets every three hours. Or use, Mercurius sol. 3X trit. (tablet form) if there is much saliva in the mouth and teeth feel too long. ... DISEASES OF THE RECTUM AND ANUS
The lower part of the alimentary canal is called the rectum, originally meaning straight. It is not straight in the human animal. It is six to eight inches long. The anus is the lower opening of the rectum. In health it is closed by the external Sphinct... DISEASES OF THE SPLEEN
1. Rupture of the spleenThis may occur spontaneously from no apparent cause, or from hurts received in cases of typhoid or malaria. Symptoms. Severe pain, and signs of intestinal hemorrhages. 2. Acute inflammation of the spleen (splenitis). This o... DISEASES OF THE TEETH
Chamomilla 1X dil. Put ten drops in one-half glass full of water and give one to two teaspoonfuls everyone to three hours. This is especially good in cross, nervous, teething babies. Aconite 2X dil. Prepared and given as above stated. When there is mu... DISEASES OF THE THYROID GLAND
Inflammation of the thyroid gland, (Thyroiditis),--Acute inflammation of the gland, simple or suppurative. It may develop in a patient with goitre, or acute infectious diseases, or from other parts, or from wounds. The gland is enlarged and soft and may... DISLOCATION OF THE JAW
It is not possible to close the mouth. The chin is too far forward. The jaw may turn toward the other side in one-sided dislocation. Treatment. Hold something hard between the teeth in front so that when the jaw snaps in place your thumbs will not... DISLOCATIONS
A dislocation is the putting out of joint some bone, such as the elbow or shoulder bone or bones. The bone has slipped out of its socket. They are called after the joints involved. General Causes. Blows, sudden contraction of the muscles; also due to ... Disorders of Pregnancy
Nausea and vomiting. The simple nausea and vomiting of pregnancy needs no treatment. This kind generally disappears by the third or fourth month, but it may persist in a mild form during the greater part of pregnancy. Generally the regulation of the die... DISPLACEMENTS
Turning back or retro-displacements. This includes retro- version and retro-flexion. Retro-version means turning back, in plain terms. Retro-flexion means bending back, bending of the body of the womb, or the neck, backward. Retro-flexion is more common... Dog Bite, Home Treatment for
"Apply common salt." Salt eats and draws poison out. Use it freely. ... DOG BITES (Not Rabid)
Treat the same as for any torn wound, wash out thoroughly with hot water and an ounce of salt in a pint of water. There is no danger of hydrophobia from the bite of a dog, cat or any animal unless that animal has hydrophobia. No one can take hydrophobia...