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KIDNEYS

Categories: Kidney and Bladder

The kidneys are deeply placed and cannot be felt or distinctly
identified when normal. They are most accessible to pressure just below

the last rib, behind. The right kidney usually lies lower than does the

left, but even then, the lower part of this kidney is an inch above the

upper part of the hip bone, or an inch above a line drawn around the body

parallel with the navel. The kidney is about four inches long. The long

axis
of the kidneys corresponds to that of the twelfth rib; on an average

the left kidney lies one-half inch higher than the right.







As stated before, each kidney is four inches long, two to two and one-half

in breadth, and more than one inch thick. The left is somewhat longer,

though narrower, than the right. The kidney is covered with what is called

a capsule. This can be easily stripped off. The structure of the kidney is

quite intricate. At the inner border of each kidney there is an opening

called the pelvis of the kidney, and leading from this, small tubes

penetrate the structure of the kidney in all directions. These tubes are

lined with special cells. Through these tubes go the excretions (urine)

from the body of the kidneys, to the pelvis, and from the pelvis through

the ureters, sixteen inches long, to the bladder.



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