Etiology
Categories: FOREIGN BODIES IN THE ESOPHAGUSSources: A Manual Of Peroral Endoscopy And Laryngeal Surgery
The lodgement of foreign bodies in the esophagus is
influenced by:
1. The shape of the foreign body (disc-shaped, pointed, irregular).
2. Resiliency of the object (safety pins).
3. The size of the foreign body.
4. Narrowing of the esophagus, spasmodic or organic, normal, or
pathologic.
5. Paralysis of the normal esophageal propulsory mechanism.
The lodgement of a bolus of ordinary food in the esophagus is strongly
suggestive of a preexisting narrowing of the lumen of either a
spasmodic or organic nature; a large bolus of food, poorly masticated
and hurriedly swallowed, may, however, become impacted in a perfectly
normal esophagus.
Carelessness is the cause of over 80 per cent of the foreign bodies in
the esophagus (see Bibliography, 29).
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Enlargement Or Ossification Of The Heart
Treat these two affections in the same way. Take the A D current, moderate force. Place N. P. at the coccyx, or alternately there and, with long cord, on the spine opposite to the heart. Manipulate with P. P. over the heart. Treat five to eight minu... Entering The Bronchi
The lip of the bronchoscope should be turned in the direction of the bronchus to be explored, and the axis of the bronchoscope should be made to correspond as nearly as possible to the axis of this bronchus. The position of the lip is designated by ... Errors To Avoid In Suspected Foreign Body Cases
1. Do not reach for the foreign body with the fingers, lest the foreign body be thereby pushed into the larynx, or the larynx be thus traumatized. 2. Do not hold up the patient by the heels, lest a tracheally lodged foreign body be dislodged an... Eruptive Cutaneous Diseases
Take A D current, pretty vigorous force in acute cases; mild in chronic affections. If the eruption be inflamed and acute, use long cord with N. P.; if sluggish and chronic, use long cord with P. P. Move the two electrodes parallel to each other, up... Erysipelas
Take the A. D. current, medium force, in all forms of the diseases. 1. When acute, and characterized by high inflammation, with bright, smooth swelling, and spreading gradually and sometimes rapidly to surrounding parts; or when small vesicles app... Erysipelas
This is a disease of the skin, producing redness, burning and itching pains, appearing in patches, in adults, most apt to appear about the head and face, but in children, upon the limbs, or in very young children, beginning at the umbilicus. It some... Erysipelas
_Erysipelas_ being commonly the reflexion of an internal disease with a peculiar tendency towards the skin, should not be treated locally alone, but with due regard for the original disease. If possible, the patient should perspire freely in long pa... Erythema
_Erythema_ may be considered an exceedingly mild form of erysipelas, and yields to gentle treatment, as it is given in measles. ... Esophageal Dilators
The dilatation of cicatricial stenosis of the esophagus can be done safely only by endoscopic methods. Blind esophageal bouginage is highly dangerous, for the lumen of the stricture is usually eccentric and the bougie is therefore apt to perforate ... Esophageal Foreign Body
After initial choking and gagging, or without these, there may be a subjective sense of a foreign body, constant or, more often, on swallowing. Odynphagia and dysphagia or aphagia may or may not be present. Pain, sub-sternal or extending to the bac... Esophageal Foreign Body Symptoms
1. There are no absolutely diagnostic symptoms. 2. Dysphagia, however, is the most constant complaint, varying with the size of the foreign body, and the degree of inflammatory or spasmodic reaction produced. 3. Pain may be caused by penetrat... Esophagoscopes
The esophagoscope, like the bronchoscope, is a hollow brass tube with beveled distal end containing a small electric light. It differs from the bronchoscope in that it has no perforations, and has a drainage canal on its upper surface, or next to ... Esophagoscopic Extraction Of Foreign Bodies
It is unwise to do an endoscopy in a foreign-body case for the sole purpose of taking a preliminary look. Everything likely to be needed for extraction of the intruder should be sterile and ready at hand. Furthermore, all required instruments for la... Esophagoscopy For Foreign Body
... Essentials Of A Successful, Safe Fast
1. Fast in a bright airy room, with exceptionally good ventilation, because fasters not only need a lot of fresh air; their bodies give off powerfully offensive odors. 2. Sun bathe if possible in warm climates for 10 to 20 minutes in the morning bef... Etiology
One of the most common causes of hypertension is clue to excess of eating and drinking. The products caused by maldigestion of proteins, and the toxins formed and absorbed especially from meat proteins, particularly when the excretions are insuffici... Etiology
Rheumatism is the cause of most instances of cardiac disease which date back to childhood or youth, while arteriosclerosis and chronic infection cause most cardiac diseases in the adult. In the former case it is the mitral valve which is the most fr... Etiology
The cause of an irregularly acting heart in an adult may be organic, as in the various forms of myocarditis, in broken compensation of valvular disease, Stokes-Adams disease, coronary disease, auricular fibrillation, auricular flutter, cerebral dise... Etiology
The lodgement of foreign bodies in the esophagus is influenced by: 1. The shape of the foreign body (disc-shaped, pointed, irregular). 2. Resiliency of the object (safety pins). 3. The size of the foreign body. 4. Narrowing of the esophagu... Etiology Pathology
If a chronic endocarditis has followed an acute condition, some slight permanent papillomas or warty growths may he left from the healed granulating or ulcerated surfaces. Sometimes these little elevations on the valves become inflamed and then adhe... Etiology Treatment
A subacute or a chronic infective endocarditis should be treated on the same plan as an acute endocarditis, which means rest in bed and whatever medication seems advisable, depending on the supposed cause of the condition. A chronic endocarditis ... Etiology Treatment
One has but to refer to the enumerated causes of irregular heart action to determine the treatment. In that caused by extrasystole, the treatment has just been suggested. In irregular heart caused by serious cardiac or other lesions the treatment ha... Examination Of The Trachea And Bronchi
All bronchial orifices must be identified seriatim; because this is the only way by which the bronchoscopist can know what part of the tree he is examining. Appearances alone are not enough. It is the order in which they are exposed that enables th... Exercise And Growth
Fatigue as a Danger Signal. The chief use of exercise in childhood, whether of body or mind, is to make us grow; but it can do this only by being kept within limits. Within these limits it will increase the vigor of the heart, expand the lungs, cl... Exercise While Fasting
The issue of how much activity is called for on a fast is controversial. Natural Hygienists in the Herbert Shelton tradition insist that all fasters absolutely must have complete bed rest, with no books, no TV, no visitors, no enemas, no exercise, n... Extent Of Electric Agency
When we have settled upon the position that the electricity of the heavens and of the artificial machine are identical, and that their identity is essentially one with galvanism, magnetism, the electro-vital fluid of animal and the life-force of the... Extraction Of Foreign Bodies From The Strictured Esophagus
Foreign bodies of relatively small size will lodge in a strictured esophagus. Removal may be rendered difficult when the patient has an upper stricture relatively larger than the lower one, and the foreign body passing the first one lodges at the s... Extraction Of Open Safety-pins From The Esophagus
An open safety pin with the point down offers no particular mechanical difficulty in removal. Great care must be exercised, however, that it be not overridden or pushed upon, as either accident might result in perforation of the esophagus by the pi... Extraction Of Soft Friable Foreign Bodies From The Tracheobronchial Tree
The difficulties here consist in the liability of crushing or fragmenting the object, and scattering portions into minute bronchi, as well as the problem of disimpaction from a ring of annular edema, with little or no forceps space. There is usually... Extraction Of Tacks Nails And Large Headed Foreign Bodies From The Tracheobronchial Tree
In cases of this sort the point presents the same difficulty and requires solution in the same manner as mentioned in the preceding paragraphs on the extraction of pins. The author's inward-rotation method when executed with the Tucker forceps is id... Factors Increasing The Blood Pressure
With normal heart and arteries, exertion and exercise should increase the systolic pressure, and generally somewhat increase the diastolic pressure. The pressure pulse should therefore be greater. When there is circulatory defect or abnormal blood p... Facts
In 1845-46 there was an epidemic in Dresden, a city of 100,000 inhabitants, where I then resided. Its ravages in the city and the densely peopled country around it, were dreadful. We had excellent physicians of different schools, who exerted themsel... Fatty Degeneration
Fatty degeneration of the heart muscle may be caused by acute poisoning (as phosphorus, arsenic, etc.), by serious infections, or it may follow fibrosis of the heart or coronary artery disease. The symptoms are those of serious circulatory weaicnens... Fatty Heart
The cause of deposits of fat around the heart or in between its chambers is the same as the cause of general obesity. These patients are likely to be obese, or at least to have large abdomens with large deposits of fat around the abdomen. This fat i... Favorable Symptoms
are the following: Absence of internal inflammation; a bright florid rash; a regular, steady appearance, standing out, and disappearance of the latter; a regular and complete pealing off of the cuticle; a decrease of the pulse after the eruption of ... Felon - Whitlow
For this disease, in the early stage, when the sensation is that of sharp, sticking pain, feeling as though a brier or thistle was in the finger, immerse the part in water as hot as possible, into which put common salt as long as it will dissolve; h...