Laryngoscopes
Categories: INSTRUMENTARIUMSources: A Manual Of Peroral Endoscopy And Laryngeal Surgery
The regular type of laryngoscope shown in Fig. I
(A, B, C) is made in adult's, child's, and infant's sizes. The
instruments have a removable slide on the top of the tubular
portion of the speculum to allow the removal of the laryngoscope
after the insertion of the bronchoscope through it. The infant size
is made in two forms, one with, the other without a removable slide;
with either form the larynx of an infant can be
seconds and a definite diagnosis made, without anesthesia, general or
local; a thing possible by no other method. For operative work on the
larynx of adults, such as the removal of benign growths, particularly
when these are situated in the anterior portion of the larynx, a
special tubular laryngoscope having a heart-shaped lumen and a
beveled tip is used. With this instrument the anterior commissure is
readily exposed, and because of this it is named the anterior
commissure laryngoscope (Fig. 1, D). The tip of the anterior
commissure laryngoscope can be used to expose either ventricle of the
larynx by lifting the ventricular band, or it may be passed through
the adult glottis for work in the subglottic region. This instrument
may also be used as an esophageal speculum and as a pleuroscope. A
side-slide laryngoscope, used with or without the slide, is
occasionally useful.
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Inflammation Of The Bowels - Enteritis
This consists in inflammation of the muscular and peritoneal coats of the intestines, sometimes also involving the mucous coat. The pain in the abdomen is constant, intense and burning in its character, felt most at the navel; the abdomen is extre... Inflammation Of The Brain
_Brain Fever._ Though this affection is not strictly what is called "brain fever," it is attended with more or less general fever, while in what is called "Brain fever," there is great irritation of the brain, requiring in many respects similar t... Inflammation Of The Eyes - Ophthalmia
For common Ophthalmia, in the early stages, while there is more or less fever and headache, with flushed face, bloodshot eyes and throbbing of the temporal arteries, _Bell._ and _Aconite_ should be used alternately every two hours, and a wash made w... Inflammation Of The Finger Case Xxxi
A young man, aged 18, came to me with a painful swelling of the middle finger of the right hand; suspecting deep-seated abscess, I made a free incision and evacuated a little pus. I then applied the lunar caustic within the cavity and directed a col... Inflammation Of The Finger Case Xxxii
Miss B. aged 23, had a slight scratch on the inside of the index finger, which issued in severe inflammation extending over the back of the hand. I made a free incision in the part first affected, evacuated a little pus, and directed a poultice to b... Inflammation Of The Lungs - Pneumonia
This disease is often connected with Pleurisy, and consists of inflammation of the substance of the lungs. As in the former case, it may attack only one, but may exist in both sides at the same time. If the pleura is also affected, there will be all... Influenzal Laryngotracheobronchitis
Influenzal infection, not always by the same organism, sweeps over the population, attacking the air passages in a violent and quite characteristic way. Bronchoscopy shows the influenzal infection to be characterized by intense reddening and swelli... Inspection Of The Party Wall In Cases Of Suspected Laryngeal Malignancy
When taking a specimen the party wall should be inspected by passing a laryngoscope or, if necessary, an esophageal speculum down through the laryngopharynx and beyond the cricopharyngeus. If this region shows infiltration, all hope of cure by oper... Instructions To The Patient
Before beginning endoscopy the patient should be told that he will feel a very disagreeable pressure on his neck and that he may feel as though he were about to choke. He must be gently but positively made to understand (1) that while the procedure... Instruments For Direct Laryngoscopy
In undertaking direct laryngoscopy one must always be prepared for bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy, and tracheotomy, as well. Preparations for bronchoscopy are necessary because the pathological condition may not be found in the larynx, and further sea... Intermittent Fever Ague And Fever
Use the A D current. First, give general tonic treatment. (See page 95.) Then close the sitting with a strong current, running from spleen to liver--P. P. upon spleen, in the left side, just below the ribs, and N. P. upon liver--best reached in the ... Interpretation Of Tracings
The interpretation of the arterial tracing shows that the nearly vertical tip-stroke is due to the sudden rise of blood pressure caused by the contraction of the ventricles. The long and irregular down-stroke means a gradual fall of the blood pressu... Intestinal Putrefaction
The most successful procedure in the management of intestinal putrefaction is to remove meat from the diet absolutely. Laxatives in some form are generally indicated, and one of tile best is agar- agar. Of course aloin and cascara are always good la... Introduction
IN climbing a mountain, if we know the path and take it as a matter of course, we are free to enjoy the beauties of the surrounding country. If in the same journey we set a stone in the way and recognize our ability to step over it, we do so at once... Introduction Of The Bronchoscope
No one should do bronchoscopy until he is able to expose the glottis by left-handed direct laryngoscopy in less than one minute. When he has mastered this, one minute more should be sufficient to introduce the bronchoscope into the trachea. ... Introduction Of The Esophagoscope
The esophagoscope is to be passed only with ocular guidance, never blindly with a mandrin or obturator, as was done before the bevel-ended esophagoscope was developed. Blind introduction of the esophagoscope is equally as dangerous as blind bouginag... Inward Rotation Method
When the point is found to be buried in the mucosa, the best and usually successful method is to grasp the pin as near the point as possible with the side-grasping forceps, then with a spiral motion to push the pin downward while rotating the forcep... Ipecac
acts very beneficially when applied to the surface where there is high fever, with nausea and vomiting. Half an ounce of _tr._ Ipecac to two quarts of tepid water, applied with a sponge to the whole surface, acts like magic in yellow fever, allaying... Iron
It is essential for the welfare of the patient, especially after a long illness before the complication of endocarditis could occur, and in rheumatic fever, in which all meat and meat extractives have been kept from the diet, that small doses of iro... Irritable Bowels
Some peoples' lives don't run smoothly. Jeanne's certainly didn't. She was abandoned to raise three little kids on welfare. Her college diploma turned out to be useless. Jeanne used to help me at Great Oaks in exchange for treatment. During those ea... Irritable Husbands
SUPPOSE your husband got impatient and annoyed with you because you did not seem to enter heartily into the interests of his work and sympathize with its cares and responsibilities and soothe him out of the nervous harassments. Would you not... Is Physical Culture Good For Girls?
A NUMBER of women were watching a game of basket-ball played by some high-school girls. In the interim for rest one woman said to her neighbor: "Do you see that girl flat on her back, looking like a very heavy bag of sand ?" "Yes," the an... Itch
I shall say but little about this very common and very obstinate affection. Everybody has a "cure for itch" yet nobody cures it short of the use of _Sulphur_ in some form. Though the attenuations of Sulphur may sometimes cure itch, it must be acknow... Jaundice
This disease depends upon derangement of the liver. The skin and whites of the eyes become yellow; the patient grows weak, loses his appetite, is dull and sluggish in all his actions, melancholly and discouraged in his moods. TREATMENT. _Mer... Laryngoscopes
The regular type of laryngoscope shown in Fig. I (A, B, C) is made in adult's, child's, and infant's sizes. The instruments have a removable slide on the top of the tubular portion of the speculum to allow the removal of the laryngoscope after the ... Laxatives
If the bowels are known to be in excellent condition and not loaded with fecal matters, brisk catharsis is not needed simply because endocarditis has developed. If the bowels have been neglected, a small dose of calomel, aided by a compound aloin ta... Length Of Bath
Although the temperature, in sthenic cases, should be a little lower than in erethic cases, it is not advisable to use the water very cold, as this would cause too strong a reaction, and consequently new excitement. The safer way is to let the tempe... Length Of Pack
Usually it is time for the patient to come out from his pack, when the pulse becomes fuller and stronger, the face begins to flush and the head to be affected. Frequently he sleeps till awakened by the increasing heat. A drink of cold water will qui... Length Of Pack Perspiration
To make quite sure of the reaction, the single sheet may be tried first, except in exceedingly violent cases, and the double sheet may be resorted to, if the single sheet prove inefficient. Or, should there be any doubt, the double sheet may be dipp... Length Of The Fast
How long should a person fast? In cases where there are serious complaints to remedy but where there are no life threatening disease conditions, a good rule of thumb is to fast on water for one complete day (24 hours) for each year that the person h... Less-rigorous-than-water Fasts
There are gradations of fasting measures ranging from rigorous to relatively casual. Water fasting is the most rapid and effective one. Other methods have been created by grasping the underlying truth of fasting, namely whenever the digestive effort... Lessons From Nutritional Anthropology
The next logical pair of questions are: how healthy could good nutrition make people be, and, how much deviation from ideal nutrition could we allow ourselves before serious disease appears? Luckily, earlier in this century we could observe living a... Leucorrhea Whites
Take A D current, very mild force. Introduce the vaginal electrode, N. P., until it meets the uterus, and manipulate with P. P. over the dorsal vertebrae five to eight minutes, three times a week. Once or twice a week, on the intervening days, give ... Leucorrhoea And Prolapsus Uteri - Whites Female Weakness
The disease depends in all cases upon _inflammation_ of the uterus, or vagina, or both. The inflammation may be simply in the neck of the uterus extending to the posterior surface of the vagina, or the latter may not be affected; or it may extend... Lilly
WILLIAM LILLY, a famous English astrologer of yeoman ancestry, was born at Diseworth, an obscure village in northwestern Leicestershire, May 1, 1602. In his autobiography he described his native place as a "town of great rudeness, wherein it is not ... List Of Instruments
The following list has been compiled as a convenient basis for equipment, to which such special instruments as may be needed for special cases can be added from time to time. The instruments listed are of the author's design. 1 adult's laryngosco... Local Applications
That medicines act locally, that is, manifest their symptoms by peculiar derangement or disturbance of some particular part of the system, more prominently than of any other part, for the time, no one will deny. That each one has some particular loc... Lues
Active and persistent antiluetic medication must precede and accompany any local treatment of luetic laryngeal stenosis. Prolonged stretching with oversized intubation tubes following excision or cauterization may sometimes be successful, but laryng... Lues Of The Esophagus
Esophageal syphilis is a rather rare affection, and may show itself as a mucous plaque, a gumma, an ulceration, or a cicatrix. Cicatricial stenosis developing late in life without history of the swallowing of escharotics or ulcerative lesions is str... Lues Of The Tracheobronchial Tree
Compared to laryngeal involvement, syphilis of the tracheobronchial tree is relatively rare. The lesions may be gummatous, ulcerative, or inflammatory, or there may be compressive granulomatous masses. Hemoptysis may have its origin from a luetic u... Malignant Disease Of The Esophagus
Cancer of the esophagus is a more prevalent disease than is commonly thought. In the male it usually develops during the fourth and fifth decades of life. There is in some cases the history of years of more or less habitual consumption of strong alc... Malignant Endocarditis Ulcerative Endocarditis
Since we have learned that bacteria are probably at the bottom of almost any endocarditis, the terms suggested under the classification of endocarditis as "mild" and "malignant" really represent a better understanding of this disease. They are not ... Mammary Abscess
(_Ague in the breast--Inflamed breast_.) This is a disease peculiar to nursing women. The first symptom is a slight pain or soreness in some part of the "breast," which continues to increase for a day or two, when a chill, more or less severe, set... Measles
This is a contagious disease, and always begins with symptoms like a cold, with high fever, and a severe dry cough, thirst and restlessness. _Pulsatilla_ is the proper medicine to palliate and regulate the symptoms. If the fever is high, _Aconite_ s... Measles
_Measles_, which may be easily distinguished from scarlatina, by the symptoms I have given under 29, are to be treated like the mildest forms of scarlet-fever, and, in most cases, require no treatment at all. Nervous affections are treated like thos... Measuring Rule
It is customary to locate esophageal lesions by denoting their distance from the incisor teeth. This is readily done by measuring the distance from the proximal end of the esophagoscope to the upper incisor teeth, or in their absence, to the upper ... Mechanical Effect Of Each Pole
The mechanical effect of the forward end of the current, or that part of it which is under the negative electrode, is to relax, expand and weaken; while that of the rear end, under the positive electrode, is to contract and strengthen. A moving ship... Mechanical Problems Of Bronchoscopic Foreign Body Extraction*
* For more extensive consideration of mechanical problems than is here possible the reader is referred to the Bibliography, page 311, especially reference numbers 1, 11, 37 and 56. The endoscopic extraction of a foreign body is a mechanical pr...