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Medical ArticlesGatheringsSee Abscess; Ankle; Armpit; Bone, Diseased. ... Symptoms In hypertension, as long as the heart, which is probably hyp... Rotation Forceps It is sometimes desired to make traction on an irregularly s... Croup Less Serious Form The less serious croup proceeds from a nervous closing of the ... Cardiovascular Renal Disease With the strennousness of this era, this disease or conditi... Epidemics The key to action in case of epidemics prevailing in the distr... Treatment Of The Mild Or Erethic Form Of Scarlatina Anginosa The _mild_ or _erethic form_ of scarlatina anginosa requires ... Inflamed Eyes If the disease be recent and acute, (but not infectious), as ... On Ulcers From the preceding observations it would naturally be conclud... The Organic Versus Chemical Feud Now, regrettably, and at great personal risk to my reputation... Infants' Sleep See Children's Sleep. ... Starvation It is true that ethical medical doctors use the least-risky ... The Fundamental Principle If you are a true believer in any of the above food religions... Chloral Emetic; warm coffee, and even an enema of coffee. Artificial r... Paralysis Take the B D current, medium force. If the paralysis be in a ... Specular Esophagoscopy Inspection of the hypopharynx and upper esophagus is readily... Fever Scarlet Or Scarlatina As a first precaution, when an epidemic of this exists, childr... The Journey Down The Food Tube The Flow of Saliva and Appetite Juice. We are now ready to st... The Teeth The Ivory Keepers Of The Gate Why the Teeth are Important. The teeth are a very important... Armpit Swelling Often this comes as the result of a chill, or of enfeeblement ... |
Site Of LodgementCategory: FOREIGN BODIES IN THE ESOPHAGUS Source: A Manual Of Peroral Endoscopy And Laryngeal Surgery Almost all foreign bodies are arrested in the cervical esophagus at the level of the superior aperture of the thorax. A physiologic narrowing is present at this level, produced in part by muscular contraction, and mainly by the crowding of the adjacent viscera into the fixed and narrow upper thoracic aperture. If dislodged from this position the foreign body usually passes downward to be arrested at the next narrowing or to pass into the stomach. The esophagoscopist who encounters the difficulty of introduction at the cricopharyngeal fold expects to find the foreign body above the fold. Such, however, is almost never the case. The cricopharyngeus muscle functionates in starting the foreign body downward as if it were food; but the narrowing at the upper thoracic aperture arrests it because the esophageal peristaltic musculature is feeble as compared to the powerful inferior constrictor. Next: Symptoms Previous: Etiology
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